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Clomid as an infertility drug is considered to be the cornerstone of all other medications that have followed the trend. While many years have passed since Clomid was first introduced into the market, it is still the same drug as it was before that most infertile couples come in contact with initially before everything assumed their places in the industry. Clomid, an infertility drug that appears in other names like CC, Clomiphene citrate, Serophene or simply Clomid is considerably inexpensive as compared with the brands that have invaded the market recently. Its main uses are focused on ovulation problems by means of oral consumption rather than via injection. While it was produced several years earlier than its predecessor, the workings of the drug still facilitate in a very complicated fashion but with desirable potency. It does not have effects on women whose ovaries have already reached the termination of their use. Nonetheless, Clomid is still a very potent drug when it comes to inducing satisfactory effects on all estrogen receptors. Thus, it has the capacity of creating reactions on all body tissues, which contain estrogen receptors. Tissues lying in organs like cervix, endometrium, pituitary, vagina and hypothalamus are some for which its known effects are working. Clomid is also useful in assessing the possibility of using the potential ovary reserve in a female. And it is also utilized for patients with defects on their luteal phase. Clomid, aside from its efficiency in working with estrogen, also has the property of influencing the functions of other four major and vital hormones in infertility namely GnRH, LH, FSH and estradiol. Although we still have no complete understanding of the exact manners by which Clomid conducts its processes, it still seem pretty obvious that its major effects in the brain is to fool it into believing that the estrogen level of the system is low. Thus bringing a domino effect of releasing more hormones to compensate for the lack of hormones for which infertility is said to have rooted. The effect of this normal reaction is to make the system a feasible environment for ovulation. The known side effects though of using Clomid in aid of fertility are the following: Multiple pregnancy Ovarian enlargement Pelvic and abdominal discomfort Bloating or distention Breast discomfort Nausea and vomiting Abnormal uterine bleeding Visual symptoms like appearances of waves, floaters, lights and etc. While there may be side effects like these, Clomid is still clear of having any association with increase of congenital abnormalities, complications in pregnancy, birth defects appearing in children and premature labor. natural penis enlarement technique penis enhancement pump penis enargement stretcher best penis elargement cheapest penis enlagement pills penis enlargment drug penis enlargment traction device truth about penile enlargement pills

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Diabetic frozen shoulder is a major problem. The pain and limited function that it causes can seriously limit the normal activities of day-to-day life. Frozen shoulder is much more common in diabetic patients and this article aims to explore the nature of the Frozen Shoulder – Diabetes connection. There are many ways that diabetes can affect the muscles and joints. Sugar sticks to the collagen in cells and affects its ability to function. Diabetes can damage blood vessels and a poor blood supply results in scarring and damage in the body's elastic tissues. We know that some diabetic patients can have problems with changes in the gristle of their hands - and in men, the penis. Most experts think that diabetic frozen shoulder arises for the same reasons Diabetes is known to affect the shoulder in several ways. Diabetic frozen shoulder seems to be the commonest - with up to 20% of diabetic patients developing frozen shoulder at some time or other. Calcium spots in the tendons and muscle around the shoulder are also seen more commonly in diabetic patients - this probably relates to the fact that high blood sugars can impair blood flow through small vessels. Tendons are particularly vulnerable to this and respond by depositing calcium. These calcium deposits can sometimes be painless but often cause severe discomfort or limited movement. They usually show up on x-rays. Slow healing and impaired nerve function are also common in diabetic patients and contribute to the fact that the frozen shoulder pain takes longer to settle than it does in other, non diabetic, patients. Diabetic patients are much more likely to have problems with their shoulders than others. Insulin dependant diabetics are particularly at risk - with some studies showing that they are six times more likely to develop diabetic frozen shoulder than the rest of the population. We don’t yet really know why diabetic frozen shoulder problems arise but it seems to relate in part to how well each individual controls their blood sugar levels. Textbooks tell you that all shoulder complaints are more common in diabetes but in my experience diabetic frozen shoulder is the most troublesome and most frequent. Diabetics not only get frozen shoulder more often than others but it lasts longer and is more painful for them when they do. Some experts think that shoulder problems in diabetics are so common that they should be regarded as a complication of diabetes and not a coincidental event. There has been a lot of research recently into the frozen shoulder – diabetes link but it is still rather unclear why diabetic patients get such problems with their shoulders. It seems to relate to the effect that diabetes and a high blood sugar has on the collagen containing cells in the body. Collagen is a protein that is involved in making ligaments, tendons and - of course - joint capsules. Diabetic frozen shoulder eventually resolves itself in most cases but can cause a major problem with day to day function for those unlucky enough to suffer from it. vimax penis enlargement before and after penile enlargment surgery cost penis enhancement picture penis enlargment pic before and after pennis enlargement tip pnis enlargement result com enlargment penile penile pump free pennis enlargement exercise herbal penis enhancement

Stress is talked about a lot in the media and seems to be the cause of almost every disease imaginable. The most common symptoms of stress, according to the American psychological Association, are: - Emotional distress--some combination of anger or irritability, anxiety, and depression, the three stress emotions; - Muscular problems including tension headache, back pain, jaw pain, and the muscular tensions that lead to pulled muscles and tendon and ligament problems; - Stomach, gut and bowel problems such as heartburn, acidic stomach, flatulence, diarrhea, constipation, and irritable bowel syndrome; - Transient over arousal leads to elevation in blood pressure, rapid heartbeat, sweaty palms, heart palpitations, dizziness, migraine headaches, cold hands or feet, shortness of breath, and chest pain. Acute stress can crop up in anyone's life, and it is highly treatable and manageable. There are many common remedies for stress. Among them are meditation, yoga, gardening, deep breathing, and exercise, and of course various types of psychotherapy and medications. We know how we feel when we are under stress, but we don’t always understand why or how this is happening. Here is a short explanation according to the Traditional Chinese Medical model contrasting it with Traditional Maya Healing model. Let’s start with the basis of everything that exists, Energy or Qi. What is Qi? Qi is universal energy we connect with from our surroundings, also called source or God energy. This energy flows within us, around us and through us. We are this energy vibrating so fast that we appear to be a solid form of matter. Abdominal, Uterine and Prostate health is dependant on the smooth flow of Qi, Blood and fluids through the body/mind complex This Qi flows in vessels or channels called meridians, according to Chinese Medicine. There are 8 meridian/ organ complexes directly responsible for this balance. When in balance, all the systems in the body are working optimally. The meridian system runs contiguously with the nervous system, endocrine system, vascular system and circulatory system. This cycle runs through all the meridians in a cycle called the nutrient cycle; spending approximately 2 hours in each organ complex through the day and night. When the body is in perfect health this energy runs smoothly creating balance in all the physical organs. All movement of energy through the abdomen is dependant on the liver, spleen, stomach. • The Liver is responsible for the smooth flow of Qi, blood and fluids. It works to course the energy through the meridians and the blood through the arteries and veins. It is also responsible for the smooth and regular flow of menstrual blood. • The Spleen is responsible for making blood. Its energy is upward moving, which keeps the organs in their place. This includes the uterus and prostate. It is directly related to uterine and bladder prolapses. • The Stomach moves the energy down. This helps with the digestion and elimination of food. It works with the spleen to form the Central Pivot, a clockwise moving energy system that keeps the energy flowing in its correct direction. The central pivot is also called the Solar Plexus according to Ayurvedic medicine. In a state of balance you don’t realize any of this is happening, digestion is good and thoughts are clear. You are able to breathe deeply and bowels are regular. The Energy System in Oriental Medicine may seem complicated yet it is truly holistic, each area of the body is interrelated in a delicate weave that makes up the intricacies of its divine wisdom. Now let’s add stress to this picture. Stress is a very powerful culprit. In western medicine they have connected how stress can impair our immunity, effect our adrenals causing people to go into fight or flight mode and in extreme cases even post traumatic stress disorder. According to Dr. Rosita Arvigo, teacher of Maya Traditional Healing and Maya Abdominal Massage, many anxieties and emotions through life are stored in our body's tissues and organs. A very common place is in the organs of the digestive system. Those so called "butterflies in your stomach" can lead to constipation, indigestion, heartburn, gastritis, and eventually to Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), Gastro-Esophageal Reflux (GERD), Crohn's disease and more. Stresses and emotions cause the small intestine and colon to be "twisted or kinked" leading the blockages in the flow of peristalsis. Surrounding fascia creates adhesions that mal- position organs and impede proper blood flow and enzyme secretions. According to Chinese medicine, because emotions are energy, they overwhelm the Liver, causing stagnation of Liver Qi in the lower rib, upper abdomen area. Stagnation of Liver Qi over a period of time will cause the Spleen and Stomach energy to reverse direction. This may cause or aggravate any or all of the following: (IBS) Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Colitis, Ulcers, Constipation, Diarrhea, (GERD) Gastro– Esophageal Reflux Disease, Leaky Gut Syndrome, Uterine Prolapse, Indigestion, as well as many other chronic diseases and disorders. According to Dr. Rosita Arvigo, individuals with digestive disorders benefit greatly from Maya Abdominal Massage. Many of our common disorders such as Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Indigestion, Constipation, and heartburn are usually treated with antacids, muscle relaxants, and a variety of other medications. These treatments address symptoms, not the causes. By using the techniques of Maya Abdominal Massage, the upper abdomen is also given a deep, thorough massage to loosen the tight muscles around the stomach and the arteries that feed the digestive and eliminative organs with their vital blood supply. The diaphragm is gently massaged allowing relaxation of tight musculature. Maya Abdominal Massage helps to break down fascial adhesions, scar tissue and removes any "kinks" in the digestive tract. Often there is a dramatic improvement after just one session when combined with proper diet and self-care According to Chinese medicine, the downward movement of the Maya Abdominal Massage helps keep the stomach energy flowing downward. This ensures proper digestion and elimination. It also works to unblock any possible stagnation of Liver Qi which is very common just below the ribs; this ensures the smooth flow of blood, Qi, and fluids through the abdominal cavity. Working on the belly in a clockwise motion keeps the central pivot flowing ensuring the flow of Spleen and stomach Qi. Qi does not flow through scar tissue. By breaking up old scar tissue this allows Qi to flow again where it was once blocked and stagnant. The Arvigo Techniques of Maya Abdominal Massage® are centered around the ancient Mayan techniques, which reposition organs that have dropped and restricted the flow of blood, lymph, and nerve and chi energy. As with any other natural healing, the Arvigo Techniques seek to restore the body to its natural balance. This technique aims to relieve obstruction to the flow of Qi, blood and lymph. Maya Abdominal Massage can help redirect this energy back to its healthy direction and move stagnation so the Qi flows freely through the abdomen creating health and balance. Gentle Self Healing Massage to move Qi in the Abdomen Find a massage oil or crème you like and apply a little to your upper abdomen. Begin by making large circular movements starting just below the ribs working your way down the left side across the lower abdomen and then up the right side; repeat 5 or 6 times. You may hear some movement. Now begin making smaller circles just above the navel in a clockwise direction, left, down, right, up. Do this 5 or 6 times.This will activate the central pivot we talked about earlier. Place your hands over your belly and say out loud the following: “Thank you so much for taking such good care of me all these years.” “You are so beautiful, and I love you.” This helps raise the vibration in the abdomen, allowing for better flow of Qi. Try this for a couple of weeks and see if your abdominal discomfort is better and your stress has dissipated.. Breathing Exercise to Move Qi in the Abdomen: • Place both your hands over your lower abdomen, approximately 2 inches below the navel • Now Breathe deeply • Watch and feel your hands move up and down with each inhalation and exhalation. Notice if you feel any more relaxed or if any thoughts come to mind • Do this at least 10 times to move and circulate your Qi • As this gets easier put a light book on your belly, 2 inches below the navel The benefits of this exercise are: • Increased lung capacity. • Better digestion • The ability to relax quickly during a stressful situation *Excerpts by Dr. Rosita Arvigo are taken from her website; www.Arvigomassage.com The Arvigo Techniques of Maya Abdominal Massage TM are founded on the ancient Mayan technique of abdominal massage which is an external non invasive manipulation that repositions internal organs that have shifted, thereby restricting the flow of blood, lymph, nerve and chi. Based on over thirty years of training and experience in massage, naprapathy, herbology, and spiritual healing, Dr. Rosita Arvigo developed these techniques which now bear her name. This modality incorporates a holistic approach to health care which includes massage, anatomy and physiology, herbology, nutrition, and emotional and spiritual healing. Dr. Arvigo believes that with any natural healing technique, these areas must be simultaneously addressed to promote optimal health. Dr. Arvigo learned these techniques from her mentor, Don Elijio Panti, the great Maya Shaman of Belize, Central America with whom she apprenticed for ten years. Don Elijio believed that a woman's center is her uterus. "If a woman's uterus is out of balance, so is she," he would say. Midwives and healers of Central America agree that most female troubles are caused by the wandering womb. Don Elijio passed away in 1996 at the age of 103. Rosita also studied with Hortence Robinson, a 73 year old herbal midwife of Belize who has been delivering babies since she was 13. The Arvigo Techniques of Maya Abdominal Massage TM address position and health of the pelvic and abdominal organs. The work is best known for the correction of the prolapsed, fallen, or tilted uterus and for the prevention and treatment of benign prostate enlargement in men, and for relief of many common digestive disorders. penile enlargment surgeries pnis enlargement excercises real penis enlarement top rated penis enhancement pills penis elargement pump plus vigrx penis enlarement tip vig rx ingredient herbal penis enhancement

The debate in many towns continues throughout this country about who should hold the responsibility of educating young people about sex and sexuality. On one side of the spectrum there are those who believe that parents and only parents should be teaching such sensitive and value-fill information to kids. On the other side, there are those who say that not enough education is being done in the home and that the schools need to step up and do the right thing by kids. To further the debate and increase its complexity is the question about what exactly kids need to know and when. President Bush has issued his own view on the matter by granting government funding for those schools and programs that provide “abstinent only” education, meaning that there is no discussion about anything but abstaining from sex until marriage. Many people believe, and most research proves, that this message severely short changes children and could potentially set them up for making bad and or even life threatening decisions. Many parents that I talk to believe in comprehensive education (talking about all aspects of sex and sexuality including abstinence), and are always comforted to hear that research is firm in showing that kids want to hear it from their parents and often make better choices when they have had those parental conversations. But…..parents as sex educators…. This prospect for some is almost as frightening as the concept of kids having sex. Take it from me; it doesn’t have to be frightening. There is so much information available that anyone, even parents, can do a great job. There are just a few things to keep in mind in order to be successful. A. Be honest and open. The rule is that if a kid asks a question, he got the idea from somewhere and needs to have an age appropriate response. Ignoring the question or telling a child that he/she shouldn’t be asking about such things sends the message that certain questions are off limits and they will take those questions elsewhere, school friends for example, who don’t always have the correct answers or have the family values that you would want articulated in mind. Keep in mind the "age appropriate" part of this tip. As parents we don't want our kids to know to much to soon, but developmentally, they may be more advanced and ready to hear more than you think. If you aren't sure, look it up. B. It is ok to share your values and morals and what you expect for your family. I think that often parents feel like they can’t express their own expectations for their children when they educate about sexuality. You can talk about methods of pregnancy and disease prevention at the same time that you are talking about abstinence and relationship building. One is not exclusive of the other. C. It is also ok to set limits and boundaries where you need. Talking about a penis in the middle of the grocery store is not appropriate. Those types of situations can easily be handled by telling a child that his or her question is valid and important, but would be much better dealt with at home. The thing to remember here is that you must go back to your child with the question when you said you would. Thinking that your child will just forget and you’ll be off the hook does nothing for your credibility. And trust me, your kids will not forget, they will just remind you that you forgot when it suits their needs. D. Often times a parent will get a question about a topic or a situation that they are not comfortable with or have very little information about. It is critical for parents to know and believe that they do not have to be experts in sex education. They must be able to, however, know their limits and know where to get the resources they need to refer their children for the right answers. It is also ok to admit to your child that you aren’t the best person to talk about this topic, but that you know the person who is. E. As difficult as it may be, it is also important to completely understand what your child is asking and why he/she is asking the question. I heard a story once that a little girl asked her Dad what secs was. Hearing this, Dad automatically assumed that she was asking about sex and went into his whole birds and bees lecture. When he was finished he asked his daughter why she had asked the question. The young daughter stated that mom said that dinner would be done in a couple of secs. She just wanted to know what that meant. Clarifying the question is vital to making sure that you are answering their questions thoroughly and completely. F. Bone up on your own education. It is not enough that your children know about the latest method of birth control, you should also know. Know what it is that kids are talking about and thinking about when it comes to sexuality. Go to teen websites, read teen magazines, have conversations with your kids. The more information you have the better you can educate your kids. G. Take advantage of teachable moments. Kids won’t always want to talk to their parents. Especially if you haven’t set up your home environment this way. So you may have to bring up a subject out of the blue. Use situations that you see on television shows or articles that you have read to get kids opinions. Ask them what they think. Share with them what you think and why. For example, you are watching the latest episode of The Bachelor. Ask you child how they feel about having intimate relationships with so many people in such a short time. Discuss the messages that you think the show sends, find out what messages your child is receiving. How do they feel about group dates? Anything to open up those lines of communication. So, what do you do when the big day comes and your child asks you a tough question? You can start by using the C.A.L.M. method of answering. C- Clarify the question. Ask the child why the question is being asked. Where did the topic come up? What does the child know about the topic or what does he/she think the answers are. This will definitely make sure that you are staying on the right track. A- Answer the question basically. I like to think about building blocks when answering tough questions. You start with the most basic answer and then build on that answering from the next level and so on. Try to avoid the tendency to lecture. Kids, especially young ones, rarely listen to a long explanation; they only are listening for they think they want to hear. This could become problematic in that kids will not hear the correct answer or they will interpret incorrectly what you have said. L- Listen to your child response. By answering basically you allow your child to let you know if he/she got the complete answer they were looking for. If they ask you another question, you know you need to go to the next building block. Don’t forget to watch for body language too. Some children may not have the words to ask more questions. But you know your child and you will know when his body language shows that he isn’t clear or in completion with your answer. M- Motivate your child to continue to feel comfortable to ask more questions. Letting kids know that you are a safe person to come back to and that you will continue to answer their questions will keep them doing so. We all want to do what is best for our kids, and for most of us, their safety is priority one. 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KNOWING FREQUENT URINATION Frequent urination is urinating much more than is required. Frequent urination is a common problem among people suffering from problems in the prostate gland and the urethra. Frequent urination is also a symptom of many diseases. To understand the causes of frequent urination, we must first know what urination is all about. WHAT EXACTLY IS URINE? The urine is fluid made up of wastes produced within the body. Urine is transparent and yellow in color. The urine is made up of nitrogen compounds, salts, toxic wastes and excess water. URINATION Urination is a normal process of excretion. Urination excretes the toxic substances that form within our body. Urination occurs when the bladder gets filled up. Next, the receptors which are stretch sensitive get stimulated. Then the message is transmitted to the brains. During urination, the sphincter relaxes as the urine flows out from the urethra. The urge to urinate is generally quite intense. A person ready to urinate gets the relief only when he successfully expels the urine. URINE AMOUNT OF A NORMAL PERSON The approximate amount of urine daily produced by an adult body is 1.5 litres (three pints). The body needs to excrete daily not less than 0.5 litres (one pint) of these waste substances. EXCESSIVE, LESS OR FREQUENT URINATION Either state is a sure symptom of a serious dysfunction of the urinary system. Frequent urination is also a tell-tale sign of ailment. DIAGNOSING DISEASES The common method used to examine a patient’s urine for diagnosing ailments is urinalysis. If the test indicates the presence of blood sugar or glucose, it is a sign of diabetes mellitus. And, if there is the presence of bacteria in the urine, the urinary system may be having some infection. What is more, presence of blood cells in the urine is a probable sign of cancer of the urinary tract. Hence, it is important that one has a clear idea of the entire urinary system. THE URINARY SYSTEM The urinary system is constituted of the organs that produce and also secrete urine from the body. To know the causes of frequent urination, it would be first necessary to know of the organs involved in urination. Mentionably, frequent urination occurs when any (or all) of the main organs like the kidneys, the urethra, the bladder and the prostate gland does not function. THE KIDNEYS & THE BLADDER The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs. This duo produces urine by filtering substances from the blood. Urine flows from the kidneys via two thin tubes known as the ureters. Then, the ureters carry the urine to a muscular vessel called the bladder. The bladder of a normal adult has the capacity to store urine up to approximately 0.5 litres. From the bladder, the urine is excreted through the urethra tubes. THE URETHRA The urethra carries urine from the bladder to the penis. In a woman, the urethra is approximately 1.5 inches (3.8 cm) in length. This is strictly a urinary passage. However, in the case of a male, the urethra is about eight inches (20 cm). The urethra in a male passes through the penis which also conveys the semen during a sexual intercourse. THE PROSTATE GLAND In the case of a male, on either sides of the urethra are located the prostrate gland and the bladder. The chestnut-shaped prostate gland secretes the prostate fluid. This fluid constitutes the major portion of the released male semen during an intercourse. The diameter of the prostate gland measures approximately 1.2 inches (three centimeters). The prostate gland is composed of muscle as well as glandular tissues. The muscle tissues aid the male ejaculation process. The glandular tissues produce the prostate fluid. This fluid keeps the semen-based sperm active and healthy. In other words, the prostate fluid helps the fertilization process. CAUSES OF FREQUENT URINATION Frequent urination may happen in person for various reasons. It may happen due to hot temperature and for hydration. The process of hydrate refers to a compound in which water is chemically combined with another compound or an element. Therefore, hydrating means to chemically combine with water. It may also refer to the cause to absorb water. The root of the word ‘hydrate’ is in French. It is related to hydro or water. PROSTATE GLAND ENLARGEMENT & FREQUENT URINATION Frequent urination is caused by prostate gland urination. The blown up prostate gland constricts the urethra. Thus the bladder is obstructed temporarily. This condition is called prostate enlargement. This happens because of the thickening of the bladder wall. This state may also lead to an intensive urge to urinate, difficulty in urination, nighttime urination. All of these are sure signs of a weak urinary system. Frequent urination coupled with excessive thirst, blurred vision, sudden loss of weight, and fatigue may be symptoms of diabetes. Frequent urination is induced when the body reacts to high glucose levels in the blood. This again leads to perennial thirst. If such a condition persists, the person should immediately consult a urologist. PROSTATE DISORDERS There are several causes of prostate disorders. Such dysfunctions afflict men of all ages. BPH (Prostatic hyperplasia): This is a benign or non-cancerous and quite a common prostate ailment. The cause of BPH is still unknown. Prostatic hyperplasia occurs in almost 80- per cent of men after they cross their 70s or 80s. In such a state, the prostate gland may grow from the normal size of 20 g (0.71 oz) to that of 150 g (5.31 oz). Mentionably, the normal size of a prostate gland in a young man is 20 g (0.71 oz). UROLOGISTS & URINARY SYSTEM DISORDERS Urologists specialize in the treatment of disorders of the urinary system. Here is an overview of the different urinary system disorders. Renal failure: This is a serious disorder. Renal failure happens when the toxic substances get stored inside the body. Renal failure is caused when the system filtering blood slows down or stops working. Renal failure can be caused by acute bleeding in the post-surgery stage, drug poisoning, heart failure (congestive), injury, bacterial infection, and shock. Urologists address renal failure by first analyzing the root cause(s). The primary objective is to make the kidney function again. The methods adopted are surgery and blood transfusion. In the most severe instances, the patient may have to undergo kidney dialysis. Then, the blood is filtered mechanically. Chronic Renal Failure: This is deterioration of kidney functioning in a progressive manner. Chronic renal failure can even damage the kidneys. Chronic renal failure is caused by many ailments like myeloma (cancer), AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), lupus erythematosus, diabetes, and hypertension. Mentionably, if detected at the initial stages chronic renal failure can be slowed down but it cannot be reversed. The degenerative process can be kept under control to certain extent through various interventions. Such preventive measures are cutting down on protein and fluid intake and regularity in medication consumption. It is to be noted that proteins are the primary sources of waste products. End-stage renal failure: This is a life threatening dysfunction of the kidney. Patients suffering from end-stage renal failures need long-term dialysis and may also have to go fro kidney transplant. Urinary calculi: This disorder is popularly known as development of kidney stones. Urinary calculi build up over a period of time. These kidney stones are made up of the minerals and the crystallized salts that remain in the urine. Urinary calculi disorder of the kidney is usually accompanied by acute pain. The pain is caused when the kidney stones block the paths carrying urine. Generally, these stones move within and out of the urinary tract on their own accord. But if they fail to pass out of the body, they are surgically removed. At times, the urologists use the ultrasound technique called lithotripsy to break down the kidney stones non-surgically. Bacterial infections: They are caused by Escherichia coli – a common bacterium present in the intestines. Such bacterial infection can attack any part of the urinary system. The normal treatment is antibiotics. There are instances of such bacterial infections becoming chronic and recurrent. Bladder & Kidney Cancer: During the course of the last four decades, the incidence of people falling victim to bladder and kidney cancer has risen. The reason is the rise in the number of people leading sedentary lifestyles, and smokers. The other causative agents are obesity and environmental pollution including some industrial chemicals. Abuse of analgesics is also one of the primary causes in the rise of cancers even among the young people. The treatment for bladder and kidney cancer is removal of the cancerous tissues followed up by radiation therapy. Polycystic renal diseases: These are inherited and congenital disorders of the urinary system. These polycystic renal diseases occur when numerous cysts form in the kidney. These cysts reduce the number of those renal tissues which function. The patients would have to undergo kidney transplantation or Kidney dialysis under such circumstances. Hypospadias: This a congenital defect of the males. The urinary opening gets misplaced on the penis. The urinary opening may lie under the penis head or be located as far away as the scrotum. The immediate treatment is to go for surgery before the child reaches 24 months. Such prompt response and surgery can not only rectify the defect, but also permit normal urination and, later, sexual intercourse.